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IPv4 Subnet Calculator with Binary Representation

Subnetting divides 32-bit IPv4 addresses into a network prefix and a host identifier. Viewing the IP address and subnet mask in 8-bit binary octets reveals the exact bit boundary: binary ANDing the IP with the mask isolates the network address, while inverting the mask identifies host bits.

Network Address = IP AND Subnet_Mask; Broadcast = Network OR (NOT Subnet_Mask)

IPv4 CIDR & Subnet Calculator Engine

Calculate network boundaries, usable IP ranges, broadcast addresses, wildcard masks, and binary bit allocations from an IP and prefix. Compliant with RFC 4632 (CIDR), RFC 3021 (/31 point-to-point links), and RFC 1918 private networking.

Quick Prefixes:

Subnet Calculations

Network Address
/27
10.0.0.0

First address of the subnet

Broadcast Address
10.0.0.31

Last address (for broadcast packets)

Usable Host Range
Usable Range
10.0.0.1 — 10.0.0.30

30 usable host addresses

Total Usable Hosts
32 total
30

2^(5) − 2 hosts

Subnet Mask
255.255.255.224

Dotted decimal subnet mask

Wildcard Mask
0.0.0.31

Inverse mask used in ACLs & OSPF

IP Scope & Type
Private Network (RFC 1918)

Legacy Class A (CIDR RFC 4632 standard)

CIDR Notation
10.0.0.0/27

Classless Inter-Domain Routing prefix

Binary Representation & Bit Boundary

IP Address:00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000
Subnet Mask:11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
Network Address:00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000
Broadcast:00001010.00000000.00000000.00011111

First 27 bits represent the Network ID; remaining 5 bits represent the Host ID.

Subnet Splitting (Subdivide Network)

Frequently asked

Direct answers for search, answer engines, and generative crawlers.

In binary arithmetic, 1 AND 1 = 1, and any bit ANDed with 0 = 0. Masking an IP with 255.255.255.0 preserves the first 24 network bits untouched and clears the last 8 host bits to zeroes.

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